Loom for weaving knotted fabrics.



T. P. WALSH.

LOOM FOR WEAVING KNOTTED FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED APR.8,1908\ Patented July 8, 1913.

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T. P. WALSH. LOOM FOR WEAVING KNOTTED FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED APK.8,1908.

Patented July 8, 1913.

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APPLICATION FILED APR.8,1908.

Patented July 8, 1913.

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LOOM FOR WEAVING KNOTTED FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED APR. a, 1908.

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APPLICATION FILED APR. 9. 1908.

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Thomas I? Mills/z T. P. WALSH.

LOOM FOR WEAVING KNOTTED FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED APXLB, 1908.

1,067,205. Patented July 8, 1913.

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T. P. WALSH. LOOM FOR WEAVING KNOTTED FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED APR..8, 1908 Patented July 8, 1913.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

T. P. WALSH.

LOOM FOR WEAVING KNOTTBD FABRICS. APPLICATION FILED APB.8, 1908.

1,067,205. Patented July 8,1913.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 9.

Tkamasi? Mills/v UNITED STATES PATENT oFFroE.

THOMAS P. WALSH, OF \UORCES'IIilR MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR- TOWALSH-BAKER CORPORATION, OF PORTLAND, MAINE.

LOOM FOR WEAVING KNOTTED FABRICS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 8, 19 13.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that-I. THOMAS- P. \VALsn, acitizen ofthe United States, and resident of lVorcester, in the countyof \Vorcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvementin Looms for Weaving Knotted Fabrics, of which the fdllowingdescription, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is aspecification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

My invention relates to the weaving of oriental rugs, being another formof loom for accomplishing certain of the objects pointed out more atlength in my co-pending application, Serial-No. 415,780, filed February13, 1908. i

The loom of the present application ties a continuous warp pile aroundthe ground warp in a series of integral or continuous pile loops to besubsequently cut.

Another novel feature resides in arranging the ground warps in a seriesof double strands or loops extending the length of the rug to'be Woven,thus greatly facilitating and simplifying the manufacture of an orientalrug.

In the preferred form of my invention, the pile loops are looped on thisground warp loop, an entire line or transverse series of pile loopsbeing simultaneously knotted in position and then beaten up. While thebeating up of these knotted piles may be accomplished by variousmechanisms. I prefer to accomplish-it in connection with the pile wire,the arrangement being such that it produces at the same time the desiredirregularity or lack of evenness in the beat ing up of the piles whichcharacterizes the genuine oriental rug.

Besides the above mentioned features, my present loom embodies a largenumber of other new features of importance, such as means for runningthe pile wire into position sidcwise, and preferably from one end of theloom, a particular knotter mechanism, which, although herein shown asemployed for knot-ting warp on warp, is not restricted thereto, aspecial pattern head whose needles'cooperate with the knotter in formingthe knots of the piles, said pattern head having, instead of theordinary pat tern cards, an exceedingly simple, compact, and durableform of card and cooperating indicating pins/and needle actuators suchthat a single line of coiiperating means effects all the movementsrequired for a complicated pattern. This means may consist of a varietyof devices, but is herein shown as preferably a row or series of pinsand a corresponding row of card holes or positiondetermining devices forsaid pins.

Another novel feature resides in the shedding mechanism which permitsthe knotted pile loop to be beaten up past the shed, and likewisepermits the weaving of a series of piles lengthwise of the ground warpwith a continuous warp, said shedding mechanism, in its preferred form,consisting I of a series of alternately operating warp lifters whichengage and disengage the warps in the required order.

A further feature resides in the provision of a movable breast beam to'slacken the ground warps at the time of the shedding, etc. Furthermore,I give this breast beam a coi'npensating movement which co1npensates forthe gradual taking up or shortening of the ground warps as the weavingof the rug progresses.

In the drawings, in which I have shown one of the preferred embodimentsof the in vention, Figures 1 and 2 are central vertical longitudinalsections, together showing practically the entire loom; Fig. 8 is anenlarged fragmentary detail of an upper rear portion of Fig. showingmore particularly the pattern head; Figs. 4: and 5 are plan views, andFig. 6 an edge view of forms of pattern card; Fig. '7 is a frontelevation of the loom; Fig. 8 is a transverse vertical section showingmore particularly the shedding mechanism in front elevation; Fig. 9 is afragmentary view at the left hand rear end of the loom; Figs. 10 and 11are enlarged sectional details sho -ing the knotting mechanism in twopositions; Fig. 12 is a cross sectional view showing the knottingmechanism in enlarged detail; Figs. 13 and 14; show in plan and sideelevation respectively details of the pile wire carrying chain; Fig. 15is a fragmentary view in front elevation of one end of the pile wire;Fig. 16 is a cross sectional view showing: in side elevation a portionof the shedding mechanism: Fig. 17 is an edge eleva tion of the sheddingseparators; Figs. 18 and it) show in top plan and side elevationrespectively the sprocket chains for the beating up comb; Figs. 20-23are plan views showing the successive steps of the weaving process; andFig. 24 is a similar view showing a modified way of placing the warp inthe loomfi In its preferred form, I. provide a warp beam 1 of usualconstruction mounted on the front endof the frame 2 which delivers therequired complement of ground warps 3 to a traveling comb 4 throughwhose eyes 5 the warps are led, and are clampcdat their free ends by oneor the other of a pair of clamping bars 6, 7, preferably by the bar 6,held in place by thumb screws 8 at their opposite ends. The ends 9 ofthe comb 4 project intofguide slots 10, said comb being caused to travellengthwise of the loom in said guide slots by any suitable means, as bya pinion 11 engaging a rack 12, said pinion being fast on a shaft 13journaled in brackets 14 mounted on the comb, and said shaft being shownas operated by a hand \wheel 15/ The traveling comb 4 carries rearwardlythe warps to ,suitable devices ad jacent the opposite end. of the loomover which they are caught, and then the comb moves back with the warpsto its original position, the result of this excursion being theformation of a long ground loop in each warp the width of the rug beingwoven. When the traveling comb gets back to its original position thesecond or return strand of each of said loops is locked or clamped inposition by the clamping bar 7. In the loom of the drawings, the meanswhich holds the rear end offeach loop is the upper hook-shaped portion16 0f the knotter, shown best in detail in Fig. 10, one of said knottersbeing provided for each loop 17 of the ground warp. Slidingly mounted ina groove or passage 18 in the hook 1G is a slender needle-like switch 19arranged to span the thread 'opening 20 for transferring the pile looponto the ground warp loop, as will presently be described. The hooks 16of the knotters are all carried on a rigid cross bar 21 fastened to theframe at 22. and the switch devices 1,9 are mounted side by side in abar23 and herein shown as arranged to be simultaneously operated by/a..bell crank lever 24 pivoted at 25 and actuated by a path cam 26engaging its cam roll 27. Said cam is fast on a shaft 28 whose gear 29is in mesh with a pinion 30 on the main driving shaft 31, provided withusual fast and loose belt pulleys 32, 33. Below the switch 19 theknotter is provided at its rear side with an inclined wall 34 andadjacent theret is a second hook-shaped member 35, which for convenienceof names may be called a loop holder, there being one hook orgiloopholder proper 36 for each knotter. For strength and convenience ofmanufacture, I make all or at least a large number of these loop holderson a single plate extending transversely of the loom and simply provideat the front edge of said plate or plates the required series ofhook-like fingers or loop holders- 36, said plate or plates beingpivotally mounted on a shaft 37 and actuated by a cam 38 whose shaft 239carries a gear 40 meshing with a pinion 41 fast on a shaft 42 driven bygears if 44. Conveniently mounted adjacent the knotters are two warpshifters or loop shifters. one 45 for moving the loops 17 down to theposition 46 when the switch 19 is moved out of the way to permit it. theloo-p holder 36 being at that moment in its raised position close to thebottom of the thread opening 20, and the other 4.7 for moving the loops17 up again to their original position. The warp shifter 45 is hereinshown as a transverse rod whose bent ends 43 are fast in pinions 49engaged by racks 50 which cause said bent ends 48 to act as cranks towhip over the rod 45 to the front side of the knot ter members 16 on topof the series of loops 17 and thereby move the latter readily downwardas stated. The racks 50 are held in position by guide arms 51 andactuated by a cam lever 52 pivoted at and provided with a cam roll 54traveling in a path cam 55 of. a cam on the shaft 42. The warp shifter47 is shown as a transverse rod mounted in the free upper ends of arms56 pivoted at 57 to a cam lev :r 68 carried by a fixed pivot 59, andprovided with a cam roll 60 traveling in a patln'cam (31 on the shaft28.

Located at a convenient point adjacent the rear end of the loom ahdpreferably above the mechanism just described is the pattern heador'patte'rn control provided with a series of pile thread carriers,which, although theyv may have a great variety of forms'or embodiments,preferahly consist of needlelike devites 63, each provided with an eye(34 for carrying the pile thread G5, which has first been secured at itsfree end to the breast beam, said pile thread carriers being hereinshown as held vertically yielding by springs 66 in a transverse yoke 67mounted at its opposite ends on stands 68 to have a limited longitudinalmovement by means'of a lever 69 centrally pivoted at 70 and laterall ymoved or swung by a roll 71 traveling in a canrpath 72 of a cam 73 faston a shaft 74 carryinga sprocket wheel 75 driven by I a sprocket chain76 from the shaft- 42. The number of needles or pile thread carriers 63counting lengthwise of the yoke corresponds to the number of knotters,and itwill readinto its original position, as shown in Fig.

11. As the loop 17 is entering the eye 2() the loop holder 36 is loweredoutvif the way and,

moves up. thereby pulling: upon the loop of t the pile thread 11.: sothat it v lips upwardly alon; the switch device it) until it escapesmember 11 and thence bark onto the two In other words, the loop of pilethread (l igr. 21) is carried down about the hook 1t) and within theloop 17 of warp thread held by the holder 31''. and then, after thereturn of the warp loop 17 to its normal position within the eye 20 andthe closing of said eye by the sliding member or switch 19, the extremeend of the pile loop is slid over the book 16 and eye :20, and thereforeover or outside of the warp loop 17 to the position showndiagrammatically in Fig. 22. and the coilin; characteristic of theClurkish knot is effected. The ends of the pile thread are so held withreference to the warp loop that the pile loop goes down inside the warploop and comes up outside the warp loop, thereby producing the desiredcoil of pile thread around each warp strand, the end portions of thepile thread crossing the two warp strands on the inside. and theiutermediate or loop-portion f the pile thread crossing on the outside,as clearly shown diagrammatically in Fig. 23 in this manner the wellknown double knot. eharacter istic of Turkish rugs, is formed on the twostrands or said loop 17. It remains now to beat up this knot and formthe pile. This is accomplished as follows: On the driving shaft 31 is asprocket wheel 112 driving a sprocket chain 113. sprocket wheel 11 i,shaft 115 and large sprocket wheel 116 which is engaged by a chain 117passing over guide wheels 118. one of these sprocket chains 117 beingprovided at each side of the loom. ()n this sprocket chain are pile wirecarriers 119, shown in Figs. 1 and 1t lhe pile wires 120 are provided attheir opposite ends with notehes 1:21 Fig. iii and the pile wire carrier11$) is provided with a stud 12; in position to engage the adjacentnotch 121 of the pile wire. so that the two opposite pile wire carriers,one on eaca chain. serve to hold the pile wire firmly and move it alongbodily in parallelism to itself lengthwise of the loomv liach *arrier119 is pivoted at 123 on the sprocket chain and is yieldingzly lockedibya s ud or pin 124- whosc blunt or conical end 123 is -held in yiehlin;engage ment with a eorre ptmding reces in the car-- rier by a spring126. 'lhus when the sprocket chains 117 and their carriers '11) 1 moveforward with a pile wire the latter engages thtf pile threads or warpwhich have just been knotted around the ioops 17 and moves said knottedpile tlnea'ts forward l l l l l l with reasonable firmness, and as thechains 117 continue their forward movement the locking studs yield andpermit the carriers 119 to turn down. allowing the wire to escape, saidwire remaining in proper loop 1 forming position, while the chaincontinues 3 its movement. and as the carriers reach any over the curvedupper end of the knotter convenient point in their travel to berestored, as for instance the rear end of the strands of the ground warpl op 17 Fig. 1

loom, their then depending fingers 127 engage trips 123 which lift thewire carriers again into their operative position when the operatorplaces thereon another wire, preferably during a dwell of the 'arriers.As soon as the pile warp has been thus moved to the fell, the sheddingmechanism lifts and opens the shed and the beating up comb or reed alsolifts to act as a guide for the shuttle and also get in readiness tobeat up the ground filling or hinder thread and the pile wire with itsload of loops thus left at the fell.

The shedding mechanism is best shown in Figs. 2, 8, 16. 17 where it willbe seen that l have mounted on a shaft 129 a series of disks orseparators 13) between which are cam-shaped litters or lifting fingers131 arranged to extend alternately in opposite Hlirections. The disks130 preferably have projecting portions or points 132 at the rear of themembers 131 and are arranged as close as practicable to the rear ends ofthe ground loops 17 to in rease the certainty of the disks coming upbetwwn the wraps or strands of the loops 17 in proper position toperform the shedding operation. The shaft 12.) is journaled in the upperends of opposite lifting bars 13?) slotted at 134- to slide on guidebrackets 135 fast in the sides of the loom frame and lifted by levers136 pivoted on the frame of the machine at 137 and provided with camrolls 135-2 actuated by path cams '13.): and the required rotarymovement of the shedding disks is given by upper and lower pairs ofbevel gears 110. 141 and 14' 1 1?. the gear 141v bein; supported in abracket 14 swiveled on the shaft 129 and having a sliding splineengagement with a. connecting shaft 145 mounted fast with the gear 112.see Fig. 8. The gear 112 is journaled in a bracket 146 swiveled on theshaft At the same time that the shedding motion takes place, the groundwarps are slackened for the shed by the inward swinging of the breastbeam 147. This is not only of value in the mechanism herein shown. but.in various other 1 relations: as. for in tance. in weaving heavy duck.felts. etc.. the ca ing of the warps would save the strainmot only onthe warps but n the shedding cams, and the loom in general. and wouldmaterially decrease the power required. The breast beam is -arried bysupports its pivoted at 149 and is swung in proper timed relation tothestated 1111;; 11) :1n v suitnhle means as by :1 0111111 8111111 1.11 15:1 sproeket wheel 1 :1 sproelte11 11t1111 1:33 from the l 1) on vhoae 11.. driven h;

1 -1 (11' :1 l ver 1551 pivoted :1t 1.111111 its lower end 11nd onneeted:tt it: upper end to :1

h-sve 1 7 provided with :1 ,pir:11 111 111 1:35

5' t1 1 pivotnllv supported hv :111 :11111 1 1 1- :11111 (11111 11 11):1 rutehet' 1115 111 11111111 1 111ount'ed (-(1:1\1:1llv ot' the e'eur111 1111111 :tettt- 1111 11 111 :1 11111" 113% fixedly pivoted at tji tothe 'l'rutne. t1o11 the hreust 1111:1111 r1 etutied to shtehen theground \vnrpg. 111111 the 1111119 11111111 1 n1ove111e11t (11' thehrettst l1ez1111 ttutonnttieully z 'rutehets the pir11l g ar 113111111111111 so 115 to rotute the gear 158 to shorten, nutolnntirally theeonneetion 1711 -400 and therehv t-o111pensnte for the neeessaryshortening (11' the ground warps due to the proee: of vveuving. Thesprung 1132 pernnts the ground \vurps to )ieltl whenever necessary\vithout dunner f hrenlting any of the \v:11'p; or the loom. The heating11p comb or reed eoneists (1t :1 series of more or less lin1l1er lingers1'70, herein shown as project 1113' upwardly from :1 rigid cross 11:11171 supported (111 the tree ends of arms 172 pivoted at 173 11nd lifted11y lifting (111115 171 on the hhtt't t. 17:1. The ends of the 11:11 17]move upwardly in vertical slots 175 in the 1'rnn1e of the 111:1ehineuntil they come into :dinelnent with horizontnl slots or guide 711%1711, and. :1l'ter the proper filling or hinder \vet't are shot :1eross,are engaged h yielding studs or does 177 held vieldingl "t'orvvard hysprings 17?) :11111 (7:11-- ried 11 v sproeltet ehnins 179 guided 11up-ro -ltet \vheelx 1 th 1 1 11nd given :1 re- (:ip1'(1(':1t'or v111oven1ent hv :1 p:1th (':1111 152 111118 :11 11111 l1eddit1 l' 111 1pde threads and hinder tluendu 1 1 the heatpielts (1t 1 \vl1iel1tltfttttlttS the (':1111 roll 1 (1t :1 lever l :1e1n:1t(- :1 pt long hoe11 51111 :1 roek hllill h 1H1; lixedlv pivoted :tt 1m: to the 11111111::11 one end :1nd :1t 111-: other end operating :1 r:1('l 11:11 1 11\\l1(1;--;e teeth e11; j:1 'e :1 pini n 1H7 whit-l1 operntes :1 geztr l1in tneeh \11111 :1 pinion 189111 11111 1110 112111111t11( |1t'(1('l e1\vheel 151. The (#11111 1 82 in eurried 11v :1 shall 1111) driven11111111 111" 191 in ntenh with the 1:11:11 1 1. 'lhus :11, e:1el1reeiproention (11' the h rutin dtp lfl'il'tltltt'ti (1111111 1751, theheut i11 -11p (31111111 is moved t'oreihly tor\v:1rd. enrrying with it?the hinder threads. until it meets and given :1 proper heating-upmovement and hlow to the produet :1lre:1d v woven, and espeeittllv tothe hut row (11' pile loops (1vhiel1 loop: l1:1\e :1 yet heen Inerelvmoved to the fell hut not :1elu:1ll v henten (1r t'oreihlv po itioned)whereupon the resistunee (11' the httter 177 to yield out 11' arr vineengagement with the reed or heutingutp eotnh, leaving enusm the lttJS 1again on 1 the :11- veretl to 7; until the l:1'tte1 there, 11ndpielcine; it up the way hnek when it is enrried 1( end of the guidemrvs1711 :111d 11 11 original podtion 111' the :111115 required tor :1111her pi l 1911 111 the ti 11(- it .1111 he wen that hoth the 111 11111354 reed or 131 11111 and he hed- 1 11; 1111 11111.:tre1111111111111'11111otthe\v:1 v( 1' 1' ol' the, knott d pite thread,11111; .1: --tz1ntl 1' into operative rel.-1tio11 with the 51 11111 1111111151 whenever needed: th teedortinting-11p(11111111111::1151111111'8 11111111 more or les: f1t'1'11l1 ",--;1211011171 111013 thededred irregulnrity otf 11 '(-:1vi11g \vhieh (1 111111111111 rhurnetrrr/w hand-net le oriental this ett et 1s trnnunitted to 110111 the innwtp:u-tton of the reed on hoth of said thread-5 at the tell. the pile wire,having formed the loops. 1'. 1'. having' properly pulled up tthove theground \v:11kp ,tr:1ud the sluel; yarn that has heen eoiled around saidground \vttrp, holds :111 the loops in proper term or :11 proper heightt1tl'() the 1110111 21nd trnne 'ers or :dides the (-oils along theground \1:1rp strands 11s the wire in moved to the tell. the mainpurpose of this wire heing simply to heep the pile warp yarns alwaysprojecting :thove the hody ot' the tuhrie to the proper extent hetweensneee ive (1111111115 around the ground \v:1rp :trnnds, (1 that when thereed pert'orms ito heu.ti11; '-np 111oven1enh it will properly hettt 11p:111 the knots 21% well the hinder pielts. And no the. reed tingem :1 re-on1(-\v11:1t yielding. they neeeswtrilv give :1 somewhat irregularpressure or 10111 :1Q':1i11. 1' the pile warp t1':1nd 111111 the hinderhtlillltlfi, \vhieh re- 1|1t-1 in111111111111121111tltrll'ttlt1llt'il1itl (511111- The ground 1111111; orhinder .tet't 1: indieuted :11; 1112 1 1;". J 1 and 11111 1 heintrodueed h :1111' 111111111 11 11 pro1ided 111111 :1 erunh 11 7 andlink 1118 r z 'tuuting' in u o;1| 111:1111111'11|)1tl(t1' d,1tfl( 15 3to 111111 :1 11111111' 1 11 duplie11t ports 11 1111; prided :1 th titlHirwllt' 111; 111 the 1 1 1111 in u n:1l 111:1nner. 'l he leon: nnrrhe providtd with 11111 ther 1 11:1l tl| i)ll2l11t't', :1nd it 111 111under tood thut l h:1v 1n1der Inhen h rein to ;-11o\\ 111e1'el 1' tl1(.e 1 'utures 11111 11 etur-ditute 11 v invention. lor i11- -t11n:1nto111:1tie:1n1l 11111111 hipper: l1!;1 he e'inploved :1 11:-11:1l. :111111111 l1ipper l tlllg 111- 11 1119111111 2111.

111 iltt't'utitith the tree (1 11* (11' the ground \vnrps I1 :111- ledup tron1 the 11:1rp 111 :1111 1 tnrongh the 1 '\'e. 71 ot' the travelhnyon1h-1 :1nd (lumped under the (hunping lnnt} to the l1re:1:-t- 1e:1111.'lh reupon the 11:1nd wheel 1.? i: r111:1te1l-(1\: 1' to the rent: e:1uin the traveling -;-o1nh l to nzove reur1vz1rdl v goided at its oppositeends h v tho slots 10. until it has pulled the ground warps 3 forward toform the required nunther of double strands or loops 1?. As soon asthese loops have heen properly engaged by the hooks 16 ot the knotters,the traveling eonih moved again forward. to its original position andthe free end of eaeh loop l7 seeured h the har 7 to the hreast heatn.'lhtypile threads (iii are then led from whatev r sourt'e of supply isemployed. neh as a ereel or the like. and threaded through the eyes t'tlof the needles (39 and led forwz'trd to the hr ea t heatn, where theyare seeured h v any Milt, ahlev means, as by one. of the, liar (1. T.'lihe, hand holt lit) is then itXlUYttl to diseonneet the patternnieehanisin. and the lootn is started so as to introdu e tho desirednnn1- her of shots of plain ground tilline' to onstitute the usual plainstrip at the he iinninfi of the rug. llaving done this. the patternnieehanisin is operatively eonneeted lrv the hand holt 1.10. andtln-reat'ter the \\ea\',in;1 prt'ieeeds in regular oriental ruel'asltion a shown in Figs. i ill. The witrh iii of the knotter is tirsttnored d unn'ardl out of the way. and then the amp hitter ii is swungver h v its raek 3t) t ltlil i: has nt ned all the loops lT down ontothe loo holders itt't, whieh tneanwhile haw heen rai ed rlose against.the wall ii of the hook l and thereupon the loop holders Zlt' are moveddown to their [)t .lti-l ll shonn in l ne. it). -\\'hile these movementshave heen taking: plaee. the pattern head has operated to tiring theselet'tors 7T over the de ired needles til, whieh are thereupondepressed o as to move. the pile threadsdown rt-spertirel u against oneside. herein :-llt)t\ll athe inner side. (11' the tnentl ers i f the l.t' tt l'. Fig. 11. and then a slight lateral n tenient is given to theneedles lrv the ltH) il. stttlit'ient to dellert the \tarp threads 1 atlll l l l t eom 'ileted the pile wire earricr chains 117 hrin g forwarda. pile wire 190 over the knotter hut hetween the. loops 17 and the pilethreads ('13 whieh are held raised hy the needles tit and as said pilewire is moved tletl'l) forward it slides along with the row of knots\vhieh have been formed, thereby holding them in a eontinuous line orseries nero s the entire width of the rug. The pile wire moves with saidknots forward under the ontrol of the reed or eonih 170 until they areheaten lirndy against the strip of ground lilting previously mentionedwhereupon the resi tanee ot' the latter Causes the holding dogs or pins124 of the wire earriers to vield and permit the pile wire, to hereleased. here it remains until the weaving of the ru is tinished. 'lhefirst row of knots having heen formed as stated, the shedding:tneehanistn eontes into play,- the separator disks l ttl turning so thatthe point or n se 13; ot eaeh enters into its proper pla e hetweenadiaeent. warps whieh are thereh r held in position so that e\'er otherwarp thread is raised hy the am lil'ter 131. as the latter is given aeonipount'l rotary andwertirallr lit'ted movement hy the rotation ol'its shalt 145 and the lilting action of let'er tilt; iherehv prodneingthe desired shed. 1'\t1 the same time the reed or cotnh lTtt has heenlifted hv its ant 1T4 so that it is in position to guide the shuttle. asthe around tillin; is shot forward and baek a in. the sheddingdiskshaving heen given -1 rotation hetween the two pieks ot tho shutlie so ato eattse one set of rain lifting fine'ers t lt t lower and tho otherset to rise j o as to ehang'e the shed in obvious manner.

The two l lt.. ol' ground filling havingheen delivered as deserihed. andthe heating-up reed or eoinh ill hetng still raised, it is I quieklvinot'ed l'oi-ward h the ehain 17th it, of the knotter and therent wn thloop holders it) are rai ed again t the 1d gilfi again aliove th pilethrea 'whieh ate at lll. the loop shiltert' V I 3H. therein shittingloopholders In: intot l 't so that :aid lo p. I? are now in their originalposition. as shown in Figs. it). ll. .lnst a4 this n1o\etnet1t is at'ttitplishtth the n edles 19 are 111o\ed upwardly. insing the eve ill.the hooks ltt't move down again and the needle it pull upwardl on thepile threads 133. with the iesnlt that the loop of pile lltt' ad ll l ispulled up al ng th switeh i and tt\ t the nnooth ted lop i the lli t\\'ltl| kt t't-" 1. V i. ll'll i l l t t' t d n ea l! o! the Ino --ttntls til eaeh loop .7. "liaise two liens or twi ts ('tilndlllttt' the lnrkish donhle knot tvhi h it. is the ohjeet; ol' the knotter to tie inthe pile thread. Just. as this movement has heen it. lerer i therelrvheating up the ground tilling and also eoinpletin; the positioning otthe knot.- ted pile. loops hr :1 linal heating' up blow on their knottedpile threads previously partiallr position d hv the pile \vire. \Vhenthe heatina' np reetl e1- eonih meets the pre- \iot:sl woven port-ionol' the rug. the resi tan r thereol' relea es it. from its carrying hainlif nhieh then eotnpletes its forward movement and pieks up the reed oreotnh again on its returnn1oven1et1t and oarries it haek to itssupporting arms 17), which lower it again out of operative relation withthe I i I- Y a I u round warps or loops lt. [he shedding ineehanisin hastneanwl1iloaiso heen lowered o that the knot tying' nieehanisin is again& ready to operate and at onee proeeeds to tie l l t l l l l gymund mockHum-i I 111101 'nhty Hf posit! r1) H11 l at a wmsi HIM

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ing means for looping the pile warp thread around and to einhrare theloop-end and both strands of said ground warp loop.

10. In a loom. nieehanisni for continuous weavin llit'llHllllfL n HHSfor holding and maintaining a. loop of ground warp in weaving position.and knottiiig mechanism for repeatedly lilitltllliif apile thr ad onboth strands of said loop in the eoiirse ot' the eontinuous weaningoperation of the loom, and inerliaiiism for weaving in ground weftthreads at intervals to hind all the knotted pile threads and Ljr iini'twarp threads together.

ll. l n a loom. meelianisin t'oi," eontiniious weaving. including: meansfor holding and maintaining a loop ot ground warp in wea ingr po ition.and knottin g' ineel'ianism for repeatedly l nottin 1 a pile thread onboth strands of said loop in the eoiirse ot the continuous raring:operation of the loom, and pile-supportinn mechanism operating tosupport the pile loops as they are formed.

12. ln :1 loom. iini-ihanisin tor eontiiiuoiis weaving. llltllt llllflmeans for holding and maintaining a loop of groiindwarp in weavlireposition. and li'iio'ttingg nieel'ianisin tor repeatedly ltnoiting apile thread on both strands of said loop in he ((\ttl' ot' the coirtimioiis weavingoperation of the loom. iiieehanisin for wmivingg inground welt threads at inter als to bind all the knotted pile threaitsand ground warp threads to nether. and pilewiippo ting' ii'ieehanisii'ioperating to support the pile loops as they are formed.

i i. to a loom. means to weave together ground warp and ground wett. andpile Weaving means. in -tinting meehanisni to move a pile wire intoposition sidewise to itself and to the toll o! as w aving for supportingthe pile hops.

it. ln :1 loom. means to weave together ground warp and ground wet't.and pile weaving means. including ineehanisn'i to more a, pile wirelnidil -ldewise into position from one end of the loom to: support ingthe pile loops ii in a looip. iiit ltih to support a series oi YLll'l)strand, n p sition for v lieihlii'ig, shedding !tl(1ili'. ioeziii forlinotting tiller on aid warp Fltzilrln' at one side of said iding:neaosme: ring h ween the I up J th he uziig; as the point of shuttling".and 1 vzilile in t it'eral dii'eiti u awav l'roiii lrtl\\'(t!l saidvi'irp strands and litter. and means for engaging the sh dding from the,warp to permit said heatiaif up 1hr knotted till r,

iii .iJ,

ol" warp ornate in iiig-up reed.:ui='t perzitinrf iiierhaiiisni ti for,iiieliidiiig aiiiei' means inovahle tarther than the requisiteheating-up movement of said reed. and means fo l: the automaticdisengagement of the reed from said earrier upon the arrival ()li t llreed at full beaten-iip position. i

17. In a loom. means to support a series of warp strands in new ingposition. a heat ing-iip reed. and operating l'lltKlliHllHlIl therefor.ineliiding reeiproeatory carrier means movahle farther than therequisite heatingup movement ot said lt-tthjfllltl means for theaiitoniatie disengagen'ienh of the reed from said carrier upon thearrival of the reed at full beaten-up position. and. the au-,

toniatie ltt lig'itfltiiltllt ot the reed with the earrier upon thereturn nio i'einent M the latter.

18. In a loom. means to support a series of warp strands in weavingpositioin ineliiding a breast beam, means for automatically moving saidhreastheain as the weaving progresses. and means INlllilillHfl saidbreast hean'i to yield forward in addition to the said movement.

li In a loom. means to support a series ot' w-irp strands in weaningposition. ineluding a hreast heani. movable supporting iiiezins toradninringi automatieally th lireast hezini the weaving progresses. meanspe mitiiing said breast beam to yield f rward in addition to its saidalitoniatii' Il(l\'2l!l(lli movement. sl'iedding merlianisni. and meansto give said hreast lieain a Warpslaekening movement tor the sheddingoperation.

20. In a loom means to support a series of warp stands in weavingposition. in eluding; a. movable breast heain. shedding meehaiiisni. andmeans pr gressively to advanre the normal lltlmltlUll of saidlii'eastbeam as the weaving advanres.

21. In a loom. lllitllfa to support a series of warp strands in weavingpositiqn. iii-- eluding a inovahte iii-east heam. sheddin;metjihauini'n. means to give said hreast 33. In a. loom. a li'noiter.int-hiding means t hold a loop end, a loo holdei' to rem-ire said loopend therefrom. means to dei'leet V 'i' lllfll loop :il oiii' saidholding means .ahin said l op end when the latter has 11 transferred tosaid ioopholder. shift mean to ,diit't,v said loop end to saidloopholder, shifting means to shift said loop end back from saidloop-holder to said holding means, and switching means to di after thelatter has been restored to said holding means.

to hold a loop said loop end therefrom, loop-operating mechanism,including means to deflect a second loop about said within said loop endwhen the latter has been transferred to said loop-holder, shift ingmeans to 'shift said loop end to said loop-holder, shifting means toshift said loop end back from said loop-holder to said holding means,and switching means to direct said second loop around said loop endafter the latter has been restored to said holding means. 25. In a loom,warp-supportm means, pile thread knotting mechanism or knotting pilethread in a successive series of pile loops, across the warps, andmechanism Within the 100 for weaving in transverse binder threads s andin the space of said warps spanne by any given loop and between theknots formed at the opposite ands of and connected by said given loop.

26. In a loom, warp-supportin means, Jule thread knotting mechanism orknotting successive series of pile loops across lilie warps, mechanismfor weaving in trans- ,Ierse binder thread within the loops and in thespace of said warps spanned by any 4 given loop and ,between the knotsformed at the op osite ends of and connected by said All supportingmeans to given 00p, and beating-up mechanism.

In a loom,'warp-supporting means, thread knotting mechanism for knottingsuccessive pile threads in a series of pile loops across the warps,mechanism for weaving in transverse binder threads between the knotswhich are formed at the opposite ends of any given loop and which areconnected by said given loop, and yielding beating-up mechanism to beatup irregularly the pile knots and binder threads.

28. In a loom, warpsupportin means, pile thread knotting mechanism orknotting successive series of pile loops across the warps, mechanism forweaving in transverse binder threads within said loops, loopsupport atransverse series of said loops, and mechanism to introduce saidloop-supporting means behind a given series, of knots before theformation of the loop 18' completed.

29. In a .oom, warp-supporting means, weaving mechanism, including meansto knot transverse rows of piles aboutthe 24. In a loom, a knotter,including means end, a loop-holder to receive holding means I l pileswhile the pile thread is still intact,

Withthe source of supply and before the cutting of the pile thread,means to weave I 'in binder threads in alternate series with said rowsof knotted piles prior to said cutting, pile thread delivery mechanism,and cooperating pattern control mechanism capable of varying selectionsfor selecting from a general supply of yarns and delivering differentpile threads to said knotting means across the pattern. f

30. In a loom, \varpsu 1 porting means, weaving nuw hanism, includingmeans to knot transverse rows of uncut pile loops about the warps, meansfor beating up the knotted pile loops while still uncut, means to weavein binder threads in alternate series with said rows of knotted pileloops, pile thread delivery mechanism, and'cooperating ,attern controlmechanism for selecting an delivering different pile threads to saidknotting means across the pattern.

31'. In a looni, a pattern control, including a card, andindicatirigpins, each having 00- operating means arranged in a singleline for determining the varying positions of the pins and having acapacity of variety coextensive with the entire pattern.

32. In a loom, a pattern control, including a card, and cooperatingindicating pins, said pins having small ends next to the cards andsuccessively larger diameters at given distances back from said ends,and the cards having a line of position-determining holes spaced apartand arranged to cooperate with said pins, effecting the relativemovements of the latter by correspondingly limiting the entrance of thepins into said holes.

In a loom, a. pattern control, including a pattern card, indicatingmeans actuated thereby, a series of thread carriers, and a selectorwhose position is governed by said indicating means to actuate theparticular thread carrier in accordance with the pattern.

34. In a loom, a pattern control, including a series of thread carriers,selcctive means for actuating said thread carriers in accordance withthe pattern, means to give the thread carriers a lateral movementtransverse to the warp threads. and mechanism coiiperating therewith totie a knot with said thread on the fabric being woven.

35. -In a loom, means to support the warp threads in weaving position, aattern control, including a series of pile-t read-carrying needles,selective'means for actuating said needles in accordance with the pilethreads which it is desired to weave, means to give said selectedneedles a lateral movement transversely of said warp-threa(l-supportingmeans, and means cooperating with the aforesaid mechanism to tie saidpile threads in knots about said warp threads.

36. In a loom. means to support warp threads in position for weaving,a-meinber extending tramverely of said supporting i means and warpthreads. pilc-threadrarq- 130 transversely of the loom, a pile wire, and

means to move the pile wire transversely of said series into pileforming position.

39. In a loom, weaving mechanism, includingzmeans to weave a series ofpiles transversely of the loom, a pile wire and means to move the pilewire transversely of said series into pileforming position, said pilewire having end notches whereby the Wires may be held removably by themoving means, and said moving means containing mechanism removably toengage said notches and hold the ends of the wire out and cooperatingfirmly in proper position as the wire is being moved.

40. In a loom, weaving mechanism, in cluding pile weaving means, a pilewire, and pile wire delivery mechanism including means to hold the wireout firmly at its opposite ends as the wire is being moved into pileforming position.

41. In a loom, Weaving mechanism, including pile weaving means, a pilewire, pile wire delivery mechanism including means to hold the wire outfirmly at its opposite ends, and automatically detachable means to movethe wire into pile-forming position as the wire is so held at its ends.

42. In a loom, means for holding warp in loops extending from the felllengthwise of the loom, and cooperating power-driven weaving means toautomatically bend and weave the warp so held into a fabric.

43. In a loom, means for holding warp in loops w h the two strandsthereof extending throughout the length of the fabric,

power weaving means tointerweave automatically therewith from one end ofthe loop strands a coo 'wratin g fabrici'orming thread.

+4. In a loom, means for l ding warp m loops with the .rzxnds thereofextending from the ten 'ig'tnwise of the loom, andcooperatingpowerweaving means to interwoave automatically therewith fromthe loop end of said strands a cooperating fabric-forming thread.

4-5. In a loom, warp'supplying means, a loop-holding device. and meansto deliver a loop of warp from the warp supply to said loop-holdingdevice previous to the weaving operation.

46. In a loom, warp-supplying means, a loop-holding device, means todeliver a loop of warp from the warp supply to said loopholding device,and means for clamping in fixed position the free ends of the loop,previous to the weaving operation.

47. In a loom, a loop-holding device, and means to draw a loop of groundwarp around said loop-holding device and thence back on itself to form a'double strand of ground warp preliminary to the weaving operation.

48. In a loom, a loop-holding device, means to hold stationary the freeend of a ground warp, and traveling means for looping said ground warpoversaid. loopllioging device While said free end is still so 49. In aloom, a loop-holding device, means to hold stationary the free end of aground warp, traveling means for looping said ground warp over saidloop-holding device while said free end is still so held, that portionof the ground war between said free end and the loop-holding deviceconstituting one strand of the loop, and means for then clamping thefree end of the other warp strand of the loop thus formed.

50. In a loom, a warp beam adjacent one end of the loom, a loop-holdingdevice ad- 'acent the other end of the loom, means adacent the beam endof the loom to engage and hold the free end of the warp, means slidinglyto engage the warp between said free end and the warp beam, andoperating mechanism to cause said means to pull said warp out in a loopto be engaged by said loop-holding device.

51. In a loom, a warp beam adjacent one end of the loom, a loop-holdingdevice adjacent the other end of the loom, means adjacent the beam endof the loom to engage and hold the free end of the warp, means slidinglyto engage the warp between said free end and the warp beam, operatingmechanism to cause said means to pull said warp out in a loop to beengaged by said loopholding device, and a rack and pinion for traversingsaid engaging means lengthwise of the loom to lay a loop of said warpover said loop holding device.

52. In a loom, warp-supporting means, a series of separators spacedapart to enter bet-ween the warp strands and hold them in position to beshedded, rotary shedding means extending between said separators forlifting and lowering the warp strands in desired order for" the sheddingoperation, means for rotating said shedding means, and mechanismcooperating with said shedding means for completing the weaving.

5 In a loom, wearing mechanism, including a rotary shaft extendingacross the room, a series of separators spaced thereon name to thisspecification, in the presence of to enter between the Warp strands, andiifiL- two subscribing witnesses.

ing finge mounted between said separators, THOMAS P. NYI&LSHB

arranged for effecting the shedding operation in a predetermined orderof lifting the I \Yitnesses:

ground warp strands as the shaft is rotated. M. J. SPALDING,

In testimony whereof, I have signed my GEO. H. LIAXVVELL

